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Elements and Performance Criteria

1. Formulate a non-decorative coating
   • Confirm the specification/performance requirements of the non-decorative coating
   • Determine the effect on performance characteristics of formulation parameters
   • Specify required quality control and performance tests
   • Recommend appropriate raw materials
   • Recommend appropriate raw material suppliers
   • Formulate an industrial coating/ink to specified parameters
   • Ensure laboratory formulations are converted to production scale
2. Specify the relationship of pigment/binder for a coating
   • Define pigment/binder relationships and their impact on coating properties
   • Calculate pigment/binder ratio, and pigment volume concentration (PVC)
   • Specify pigment/binder relationships appropriate for a coating
3. Recommend a method of manufacture
   • Identify critical formulation parameters and the effect on manufacturing characteristics for industrial coatings/inks
   • Determine dispersion, let down and mixing required
   • Select the types of equipment required for coating manufacture
   • Recommend a method of manufacture
4. Identify and control hazards
   • Identify material hazards
   • Identify regulatory requirements
   • Identify other hazards from the manufacture of non-decorative coatings/inks
   • Recommend appropriate hazard control
5. Recommend a coating application method
   • Distinguish between common non-decorative coating/ink application methods
   • Recommend an application method for non-decorative coatings/ink

Range Statement

This field allows for different work environments and conditions that may affect performance. Essential operating conditions that may be present (depending on the work situation, needs of the candidate, accessibility of the item, and local industry and regional contexts) are included.
Regulatory framework	The latest version of all legislation, regulations, industry codes of practice and Australian/international standards, or the version specified by the local regulatory authority, must be used, and include one or more of the following: legislative requirements, including work health and safety (WHS) industry codes of practice and guidelines environmental regulations and guidelines Australian and other standards licence and certification requirements All operations to which this unit applies are subject to stringent health, safety and environment (HSE) requirements, which may be imposed through state/territory or federal legislation, and these must not be compromised at any time. Where there is an apparent conflict between performance criteria and HSE requirements, the HSE requirements take precedence.
Hazards	Hazards include one or more of the following: equipment failures industrial (machinery, equipment and product) noise, rotational equipment or vibration plant services (steam, condensate and cooling water) flammability and explosivity hazardous products and materials slippery surfaces, spills or leaks other hazards that might arise
Procedures	All operations must be performed in accordance with relevant procedures. Procedures are written, verbal, visual, computer-based or in some other form, include one or more of the following: emergency procedures work instructions standard operating procedures (SOPs) safe work method statements (SWMS) formulas/recipes batch sheets temporary instructions any similar instructions provided for the smooth running of the plant

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Performance Evidence

Evidence required to demonstrate competence in this unit must be relevant to and satisfy the requirements of the elements and performance criteria, and include the ability to:

evaluate raw materials against specifications, including:

chemistry

structure

physical and chemical properties relevant to surface coating

modification reactions as relevant (e.g. alkyds)

hazards

impact on environment

pigment/binder relationship

determine the impact of key variables on formulation and manufacture, including:

substrates

physical properties

cost of raw materials

application methods

curing conditions

drying times

pigment/binder relationship

select materials for purpose

calculate formulations to customer's requirements

isolate the causes of problems and to be able to distinguish between causes of problems, such as:

incorrect equipment

incorrect raw materials

inadequate ventilation when manufacturing

inability to meet customer specifications

inadequate quality control tests

recommend appropriate manufacturing procedure

recommend appropriate application method (brush, roller or spray, dipping, curtain coating, print roll or ink jet/bubble)

complete written/electronic records

communicate effectively with internal and external stakeholders.

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Knowledge Evidence

Evidence must be provided that demonstrates knowledge of:

types and impact of pigment binder relationships, including:

specific gravity

weight and volume solids

pigment/binder ratio

pigment volume concentration (PVC)

formulation parameters

automotive paints requirements

inks formulation

powder and marine coating formulation

flow point curves

safety data sheets (SDS)

toxicity and other hazards of raw materials

types of raw materials and their chemical properties and functions

impact of differing raw material suppliers

principles of dispersion, let down and mixing

types and application of equipment used for coating manufacture

quality control methods

test methods

organisation procedures

duty of care obligations

hierarchy of control

hazards that may arise in the job/work environment, and:

their possible causes

potential consequences

appropriate risk controls.

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